What does the government use to check the powers of other branches?

The correct answer is Checks and Balances because this principle is a fundamental part of the United States government system designed to ensure that no single branch (executive, legislative, or judicial) becomes too powerful. Each branch has specific powers that can affect the functioning of the other branches. This interconnection creates a system where powers are monitored and regulated by one another. For instance, the legislative branch can create laws, but the executive branch has the power to veto those laws, while the judicial branch has the authority to interpret laws and determine their constitutionality. This dynamic interaction exemplifies how each branch holds checks on the others, promoting accountability and preventing abuse of power.

The other options do not accurately convey the mechanism used for this purpose. The concept of Separation of Duties refers more broadly to assigning different responsibilities to different entities or individuals to reduce the risk of errors or fraud, rather than specifically managing powers among government branches. Federal Laws pertain to the statutes enacted by the federal government and do not function as a regulatory framework for the branches themselves. State Legislation involves laws passed by state governments and does not directly pertain to the checks among federal government branches.