Which document outlines the rights and privileges of U.S. citizens?

The correct choice is the Bill of Rights. This document, which consists of the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution, specifically enumerates various rights and privileges that are guaranteed to U.S. citizens. These amendments address fundamental civil liberties, such as freedom of speech, freedom of religion, the right to bear arms, and the rights of individuals in legal proceedings.

By outlining these crucial rights, the Bill of Rights serves as a safeguard against government overreach and helps to protect individual freedoms, making it clear which rights are protected under U.S. law. This is critical for anyone seeking citizenship, as it emphasizes the democratic principles upon which the United States is founded.

Other documents listed, such as the Constitution itself, establish the framework of the government and its powers but do not specifically enumerate citizen rights in the same detailed manner as the Bill of Rights. The Declaration of Independence expresses the ideals of liberty and the pursuit of happiness but does not create binding laws or rights. The Emancipation Proclamation was a significant political move regarding the status of enslaved individuals but does not outline the rights of citizens as a whole.